Задание

Реши задачу

Вычисли длину неизвестной стороны треугольника \(ABC\) , если:

а) \(AB=8\) см, \(BC=5\) см, \(\angle B=60\degree\) ;

б) \(AC=2\) см, \(BC=\sqrt{3}\) см, \(\angle C=30\degree\) ;

в) \(AC=6\) см, \(AB=3\sqrt{2}\) см, \(\angle A=45\degree\) ;

г) \(AB=3\) см, \(BC=5\) см, \(\angle B=120\degree\) .

\(\alpha\) \(30\degree\) \(45\degree\) \(60\degree\)
\(\sin \alpha\) \(\dfrac{1}{2}\) \(\dfrac{\sqrt 2}{2}\) \(\dfrac{\sqrt 3}{2}\)
\(\cos \alpha\) \(\dfrac{\sqrt 3}{2}\) \(\dfrac{\sqrt 2}{2}\) \(\dfrac{1}{2}\)

Решение.

а) Так как \(AB=8\) см, \(BC=5\) см, \(∠B=60°\) (по условию), то \(AC^2=AB^2\) [ \(+\) | \(-\) | \(\div\) | \(\cdot\) ] \(BC^2\) [ \(-\) | \(+\) | \(\div\) | \(\cdot\) ] \(2 \cdot AB \cdot BC\, \cdot\) [ \(\cos\) | \(\sin\) | \(\tg\) | \(\ctg\) ] \(B \) (по теореме [косинусов|синусов|тангенсов]),

\(AC^2= 8^2\) [ \(+\) | \(-\) | \(\div\) | \(\cdot\) ] \(5^2\) [ \(-\) | \(+\) | \(\div\) | \(\cdot\) ] \(2\cdot8\cdot5\,\cdot\) [ \(\cos\) | \(\sin\) | \(\tg\) | \(\ctg\) ][ ] \(\degree\) , тогда \(AC^2=\) [ ], \(AC=\) [ ].

б) Так как \(AC=2\) см, \(BC=\sqrt3\) см, \(∠C=30°\) (по условию), то \(AB^2=AC^2\) [ \(+\) | \(-\) | \(\div\) | \(\cdot\) ] \(BC^2\) [ \(-\) | \(+\) | \(\div\) | \(\cdot\) ] \(2\,\cdot\) [ ] \(\cdot\) [ ] \(\cdot\) [ \(\cos\) | \(\sin\) | \(\tg\) | \(\ctg\) ] \(C \) (по теореме [косинусов|синусов|тангенсов]),

\(AB^2= 2^2\) [ \(+\) | \(-\) | \(\div\) | \(\cdot\) ] \((\sqrt3)^2\) [ \(-\) | \(+\) | \(\div\) | \(\cdot\) ] \(2\cdot2\cdot \sqrt3\, \cdot\) [ \(\cos\) | \(\sin\) | \(\tg\) | \(\ctg\) ][ ] \(\degree\) , тогда \(AB^2=\) [ ], \(AB=\) [ ].

в) Так как \(AC=6\) см, \(AB=3\sqrt2\) см, \(∠A=45°\) (по условию), то \(BC^2=AC^2\) [ \(+\) | \(-\) | \(\div\) | \(\cdot\) ] \(AB^2\) [ \(-\) | \(+\) | \(\div\) | \(\cdot\) ][ ] \(\cdot\) [ ] \(\cdot\) [ ] \(\cdot\) [ \(\cos\) | \(\sin\) | \(\tg\) | \(\ctg\) ] \(A \) (по теореме [косинусов|синусов|тангенсов]),

\(BC^2=\) [ ][ \(+\) | \(-\) | \(\div\) | \(\cdot\) ][ ][ \(-\) | \(+\) | \(\div\) | \(\cdot\) ][ ] \(\cdot\) [ ] \(\cdot 3\sqrt2\, \cdot\) [ \(\cos\) | \(\sin\) | \(\tg\) | \(\ctg\) ][ ] \(\degree\) , тогда \(BC^2=\) [ ], \(BC=\) [ ].

г) Так как \(AB=3\) см, \(BC=5\) см, \(∠B=120°\) (по условию), найдём значение косинуса угла [ ]:

\(\cos\) [ ] \(\degree = \cos (180 \degree \) [ \(-\) | \(+\) | \(\div\) | \(\cdot\) ][ ] \(\degree) =\) [ \(-\) | \(+\) | \(\div\) | \(\cdot\) ] \(\cos \) [ ] \(\degree =\) [ \(-\) | \(+\) | \(\div\) | \(\cdot\) ] \(\dfrac12\) ,то \(AC^2=AB^2\) [ \(+\) | \(-\) | \(\div\) | \(\cdot\) ] \(BC^2\) [ \(-\) | \(+\) | \(\div\) | \(\cdot\) ][ ] \(\cdot\) [ ] \(\cdot\) [ ] \(\cdot\) [ \(\cos\) | \(\sin\) | \(\tg\) | \(\ctg\) ] \(B \) (по теореме [косинусов|синусов|тангенсов]), тогда \(AC^2=\) [ ], \(AC=\) [ ].

Ответ: а) \(AC=\) [ ]; б) \(AB=\) [ ]; в) \(BC=\) [ ]; г) \(AC=\) [ ].