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Прочитайте текст с пропусками, обозначенными номерами 32–38. Эти номера соответствуют заданиям 32–38, в которых представлены возможные варианты ответов. Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.
Strategies and useful tips
- It is recommended to spend not more than 15 minutes on this task.
- In that task knowing of the following aspects of the language are checked:
- phrasal verbs (to put up, to come across, to cut down with, etc.);
- difference in using of words similar in meaning and synonyms (to look, to watch, to glance, to see; a trip, travel, a voyage, a journey, etc.);
- difference in using of words very close in sounding and spelling but different in meaning (again/against, effect/affect, beside/besides, etc.);
- dependent prepositions and word patterns (to rely on smb, to fall in love with smb, to throw in/at, to take care of, etc.)
Alfred Nobel's Heritage
The Nobel Prize is recognised as the most prestigious annual award for intellectual achievement. It was established by the Swedish inventor, scientist and businessman Alfred Nobel. Alfred Nobel was a man of diverse interests. He invented dynamite and was a holder of 355 patents, and he also wrote poetry and drama.
Much of Alfred Nobel's \(\boxed{32}\) \(\underline{ }\) was shaped in the atmosphere of St Petersburg, the Russian capital of that time. Alfred's father Immanuel Nobel moved to St Petersburg when Alfred was five and set \(\boxed{33}\) \(\underline{ }\) an engineering company. In 1853, he was awarded Imperial Gold Medal for his contribution to Russian industry. This award was remarkable because it had been earned by a foreigner.
In 1895, Alfred Nobel signed his last will in which he instructed that most of his fortune must be used to set a fund for the awarding of five annual prizes in physics, chemistry, physiology or medicine, literature and peace. \(\boxed{34}\) \(\underline{ }\) , the Nobel Prizes appeared, and the first of them were awarded in 1901. It was the 5th anniversary of Nobel's death.
In 1968, the sixth Prize was added in memory of Alfred Nobel – the Prize in Economic Sciences. \(\boxed{35}\) \(\underline{ }\) this additional award is not a Nobel Prize, it is presented at Nobel Prize Award Ceremony. Its winners are considered equal to the Nobel laureates.
The Nobel Foundation is the organisation that administers the fund. The rules say that a prize amount may be equally divided \(\boxed{36}\) \(\underline{ }\) two works. If a work that is being rewarded has been produced by two or three persons, the prize must be awarded to them jointly. But a prize amount cannot be divided between more than three persons. Prizes may be given only to individuals, \(\boxed{37}\) \(\underline{ }\) the Peace Prize which may also be awarded to an organisation.
The Nobel Prize is very prestigious as its winners are selected carefully. More than 6,000 individuals are invited to \(\boxed{38}\) \(\underline{ }\) candidates for the prizes. Self-nomination is prohibited. Then, the six Nobel Committees and outside experts start the selection process. They have to estimate the significance of each nominee's contribution.
\(\boxed{32}\) 1) identity, 2) nature, 3) self, 4) personality.
Ответ: [ ].
\(\boxed{33}\) 1) off, 2) in, 3) up, 4) apart.
Ответ: [ ].
\(\boxed{34}\) 1) Thus, 2) However, 3) Despite, 4) In spite of.
Ответ: [ ].
\(\boxed{35}\) 1) However, 2) Although, 3) In spite of, 4) Instead.
Ответ: [ ].
\(\boxed{36}\) 1) behind, 2) among, 3) between, 4) into.
Ответ: [ ].
\(\boxed{37}\) 1) affect, 2) except, 3) accept, 4) extend.
Ответ: [ ].
\(\boxed{38}\) 1) suppose, 2) oppose, 3) dispose, 4) propose.
Ответ: [ ].