Задание
Прочитай текст. Определи, какие из приведённых утверждений 13–19 соответствуют содержанию текста (1 – True), какие не соответствуют (2 – False) и о чём в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 – Not stated). Запиши в поле ответа цифру 1, 2 или 3, соответствующую выбранному варианту ответа.
Scottish Tartan
All around the world, people wear plaid. It might be one of the most well-known, and recognised patterns in the world. The pattern comes from Scotland, and the right Scottish name is "tartan." The saying goes, "All tartans are plaids, but not all plaids are tartans." Tartan is the Scottish woven cloth. It is typically made of wool with vertical and horizontal lines of vibrant colours. Tartan plaids are important to the hearts and minds of Scottish people. They represent the Highlands' courageousness and hardiness. Tartans are Scotland's national costume and are worn as kilts, scarves, and other clothing items.
What makes a tartan special? The tartan's rich history goes back to the Celts making plaid tartans 3,000 years ago. Tartans changed a lot from the early times of warrior clothes in the Scottish Highlands in the 1600s to present-day versions. While the tartan was worn in other parts of Scotland, in the 1700s and 1800s, it became a symbol of the military, clan unity, and identification in the Highlands, a remote mountainous region in northwest Scotland.
Highlands' villagers bought their woven cloth from the same master. The master would make a standard pattern using the vegetable dye colours available to him. The simple check-like design had stripes running horizontally and vertically to look like squares crossed by stripes. The first mention of "woolen coverings of several colours" worn by Highlanders was at the 1548 Battle of Haddington. The covering was a belted plaid, 15-foot-long by 5-foot-wide piece of woven plaid cloth.
The British wanted to control the rebel Highland clans. To destroy the clan system, the British followed their victory with the Disarming Act. From 1746 until 1782, Highland dress — including tartans — was banned. Few tartans survived this time. But the popularity of tartans did not vanish. When the ban was cancelled, the Highland armed forces adopted the "Black Watch" tartan sett(a set of two tartan items) as their official uniform.
In 1822, King George IV was the first British royal person to visit Scotland in 200 years. He toasted the "Highland Chieftains and Clans" in Highland dress, wearing the Royal Stewart tartan. This was the first time that the Highlander dress became known as the Scottish National Dress.
Tartan popularity has not reduced since King George's visit. Many believe only members of old Scottish families should wear tartans. But today, many men and women wear tartan. Women wear pleated tartan skirts and scarves. Men wear kilts and trousers. Plaid fabric looking like tartans are produced all over the world, and the designs are found on everything from paper notebooks to rain boots.
A true Scottish tartan plaid has a long history based in the Highlands. The next time you see a person dressed in a tartan item, look closely at the plaid and be sure to ask the name of the tartan sett. Most likely, the wearer will be proud to share his or her heritage.
13.Originally, Tartans were made only from wool of a special kind of sheep.
1) True
2) False
3) Not stated
14.Tartan plaids symbolise the character features of Scottish people.
1) True
2) False
3) Not stated
15.About 400 years ago, Tartans were mostly worn by warriors.
1) True
2) False
3) Not stated
16.Tartan masters used flowers to dye the material.
1) True
2) False
3) Not stated
17.Tartans were prohibited to wear for more than 100 years.
1) True
2) False
3) Not stated
18.In modern Scotland, you can be fined for wearing a Tartan without a special licence.
1) True
2) False
3) Not stated
19.Nowadays, you can find Tartan pattern on paper, rubber, and other materials.
1) True
2) False
3) Not stated