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Прочитай текст и выполни задания 12–18. В каждом задании запиши в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному тобой варианту ответа.
Strategies and useful tips

1. Recommended time is 15 minutes (not more).
2. Read the text carefully. You may need to read it, or parts of it, twice.
3. Look at the first question.
4. Look back to the text and find/highlight the part which the question refers to.
5. If you have time, think how this information might be rephrased (or how you would answer the question in your own words).
6. Look at the choices, and either choose the answer that you think is right or eliminate the ones you know are wrong.
7. Check against the text.

Alzheimer's disease has long been considered hereditary. But research in recent years has taken the study of this disease to a new level. Thus, effective ways of preventing this disease have appeared, since it can overtake everyone in old age.

This disease is caused by gradual or sudden loss of memory, or rather memories. It differs from amnesia in that it is impossible for a person to regain lost memories and most often Alzheimer's is a disease of age. A person can forget his relatives, facts from life and himself. Name, profession, age and children. Whole generations suffer from this. This disease is a real drama for any family. This is a tragedy of a person who may not even know about it. It is difficult for a spouse and children to come to terms with the disease and especially with the fact that a relative no longer sees them as part of his consciousness. Another difference between this disease and amnesia is the inability to keep the accumulated memories and knowledge. This means that the person to whom the relative was introduced the next day is again unable to remember him.

It is believed that the disease occurs due to unstable or fragile neural connections. The brain is not trained, it becomes sluggish and relaxed. Such a way of life when a person thinks a little, can become the ground for the development of the disease. On average, Alzheimer's occurs after 55 years. Fortunately, doctors offer many ways to prevent the disease in the future. To do this, you need to train the brain so that as many neural connections as possible do not arise. Memorising information will help in this. Keeping a lot of figures and facts in your head is great for brain training. You can learn poetry. In addition, a person can solve crosswords and puzzles. They develop different lobes of the brain and constantly keep the brain in good shape. Reading is responsible for muscle memory and imagination. It promotes brain development unlike watching TV and TV series. In addition, learning foreign languages helps with prevention. New languages are arranged differently than the native one and a person has to learn a lot of words and combine them with each other.

Well, the easiest way to prevent new routes. For example, choose an atypical way to go to the store. Walking with a dog along previously unknown paths. All this also contributes to the emergence of new neural connections. Alzheimer's cannot be cured, but it can be stopped and its occurrence can be prevented. The researchers always advise keeping the brain active and taking vitamins.

\(\boxed{12}\) Alzheimer's as opposed to amnesia...

1. can appear in old age.
2. connected with the loss of memory and memories.
3. subject to full restoration.
4. researched enough.

Ответ: [ ]

\(\boxed{13}\) Alzheimer's does not occur...

1. hereditary.
2. at the moment of ageing.
3. as a child.
4. as a result of the fall.

Ответ: [ ]

\(\boxed{14}\) Memories acquired by an Alzheimer's patient...

1. remain in his memory.
2. go into long-term memory.
3. go into short-term memory.
4. after a while they disappear.

Ответ: [ ]

\(\boxed{15}\) The occurrence and development of the disease...

1. a person can try to prevent
2. is impossible to prevent.
3. can be predicted only by the symptoms.
4. has not been studied so far.

Ответ: [ ]

\(\boxed{16}\) For prevention, there are no examples in the text about...

1. learning a foreign language.
2. mathematical calculation in the mind.
3. learning poems by heart.
4. new routes.

Ответ: [ ]

\(\boxed{17}\) Alzheimer's disease is directly related to...

1. lungs.
2. brain.
3. stomach.
4. blood.

Ответ: [ ]

\(\boxed{18}\) In addition to the above methods of prevention, in the text doctors recommend...

1. learn a new profession.
2. take vitamins.
3. keep a diary.
4. eat natural products a lot.

Ответ: [ ]