Fill in the gaps
Reported speech. Statements
Reported speech, или косвенная речь, передаёт содержание чьего-либо высказывания. На письме косвенная речь кавычками не выделяется в отличие от прямой речи, которая цитирует говорящего и заключается в кавычки.
He said that they would go to the country the next day — косвенная речь.
He said, "We will go to the country tomorrow." — прямая речь.
Если глагол в главном предложении (словах автора) стоит в Present Simple, то в косвенной речи глаголы из цитируемого сообщения также будут в форме настоящего времени.
He says, "She had a party yesterday."
He says that she had a party yesterday.
Если же глагол в словах автора стоит в прошедшем времени, то на письме для передачи косвенной речи действуют следующие правила согласования времён:
- Present Simple → Past Simple;
- Present Continuous → Past Continuous;
- Present Perfect → Past Perfect;
- Past Simple → Past Perfect;
- Future Simple → Future in the past (would);
- can → could.
He said, "I amgoing to visit Francenext week."
He said thathe wasgoing to visit Francethe following week.
Важно помнить, что если в прямой речи слова автора употребляются в прошедшем времени, то указательные местоимения и наречия времени также изменяются:
- now → then;
- today → that day;
- tonight → that night;
- yesterday → the previous day, the day before;
- two days ago → two days before;
- tomorrow → the next day, the following day;
- this week → that week;
- last week → the previous week, the week before;
- next week → the next week, the following week, the week after;
- here → there;
- this → that;
- these → those.
"He went to the partyyesterday," said John.
John said that he had gone to the partythe day before.
Use the correct verb forms and make all the necessary changes.
Sam said, "Tom doesn't plant flowers in his garden."
Sam said he didn't (did not) plant trees in his garden.
She said, "I will send you a postcard tomorrow."
She said she would send me a postcard the next day (the following day).
"She went to her parents yesterday," she said.
She said she [ ]to her parents [ ].
They said, "We have bought a new car."
They told me they [ ]a new car.
Mary said, "We aren't going skating this weekend."
Mary told me [ ][ ]skating [ ]weekend.
"I can't play the guitar," John said.
John said [ ][ ]the guitar.
"You look beautiful in this red dress," Sandra said.
Sandra said [ ][ ]beautiful in [ ]red dress.
Amanda says, "We have English on Wednesdays."
Amanda says [ ][ ]English on Wednesdays.
They said, "We were in Russia last week."
They said [ ][ ]in Russia [ ].
Jeremy said, "I will swim today."
Jeremy said [ ][ ][ ].