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Reported questions and commands
Вопросы в косвенной речи передаются с помощью глаголов ask, want to know, wonder, inquire.

Barbara asked, "Do you speak English?"

Barbara wondered if I spoke English.

Если вопрос в прямой речи начинается со вспомогательных глаголов (be, do, have) или с модальных глаголов (can, may), то в косвенной речи такие вопросы передаются с помощью слова if или whether. При этом порядок слов в этой части предложения будет прямой (подлежащее, сказуемое, остальные члены предложения). Правила согласования времён также продолжают действовать.

He asked, "Are youa student?"

He askedif/whether I wasa student.

Mary asked, "Can youride a bike?"

Mary askedif/whether I couldride a bike.

Если вопрос в прямой речи начинается с вопросительных слов (where, why, how, when, what), то в косвенной речи такие вопросы передаются с помощью тех же вопросительных слов. При этом порядок слов в этой части предложения будет прямой (подлежащее, сказуемое, остальные члены предложения). Правила согласования времён также продолжают действовать.

"What isyour name?" he asked.

He askedwhat my name was.

"Where did helivelast year?" he asked.

He askedwhere he had lived the previous year(the year before).

Просьбы, распоряжения, указания, приказы и предложения в косвенной речи выражаются с помощью глаголов ask (to do), advise (to do), beg (to do), suggest (doing/that), order/tell + smb + (not) to do. При этом прямое обращение вводится частицей to перед глаголом в утвердительной форме, а перед глаголом в отрицательной форме — частицами not to.

"Closethe door, please!" — He asked meto closethe door.

"Don't close the door, please!" — He asked menot to closethe door.

"Goandstandthere," the headmaster said. — The headmasterordered me togo and stand there.

"Don't cheat in the exam," she told me.

• She told me to cheat in the exam.
• She told me not to cheat in the exam.
• She told me cheat in the exam.

"What are your plans for the weekend?" Mary asked Peter.

• Mary asked Peter what his plans for the weekend are.
• Mary asked Peter what his plans for the weekend were.
• Mary asked Peter what were his plans for the weekend.

"Let's play computer games in the evening," Sam said.

• Sam suggested that they play computer games in the evening.
• Sam suggested playing computer games that evening.
• Sam suggested to play computer games in the evening.

Mary said, "You should visit the doctor."

• Mary advised me to visit the doctor.
• Mary advised me visiting the doctor.
• Mary advised me to visiting the doctor.

Tom asked, "When did you last see James?"

• Tom wanted to know when you last had seen James.
• Tom wanted to know when did I last see James.
• Tom wanted to know when I previously had seen James.

"Put your things out of your pockets," the policeman said.

• The policeman told us to put things out of our pockets.
• The policeman told us not to put things out of our pockets.
• The policeman told us to put things out of your pockets.

"Have you been studying for two hours already?" my mum asked.

• My mum asked me I had been studying for two hours already.
• My mum asked me whether I had been studying for two hours already.
• My mum asked me if I have been studying for two hours already.