Задание

Read the text and choose the correct options

Nowadays, we are quite used to getting rather accurate weather forecasts from various sources like TV, radio, newspapers and numerous apps. We enjoy the possibility of knowing what the weather is going to be like today, tomorrow and the next several days. Moreover, scientists are trying their utmost to provide us with long-term forecasts.

Nevertheless, only a couple centuries ago weather forecasting was more like random guesses or kind of statistics. Before the telegraph or the telephone were invented, it was rather tricky and almost impossible to immediately share information about the weather in remote parts of the world. Therefore, there was no possibility to see and analyse the general pattern of what was going on. The best thing people could do was collect and study the data locally and try to make predictions based on experience.

People even tried to use animals to predict the weather. They monitored the unusual behaviour of both domestic and wild animals in different weather conditions and made conclusions. Some people still think that animals sense the upcoming storms and disasters like earthquakes. Today, scientists don't acknowledge the effectiveness of these methods because of the lack of documented facts. They regard animal weather forecasting as fraud or at least as superstitions.

The period of industrialisation and innovation brought along numerous inventions that changed and improved our lives. Various means of communication allowed the specialists to share the collected weather data, thus making weather maps more accurate and more global. Soon, it was possible to watch the movement of weather systems.

Meteorologists have invented lots of special tools and facilities in order to make more accurate predictions. Nowadays, most instruments measure weather conditions far above the earth level, in the atmosphere. Satellites provide vivid images of the Earth even with the cyclones visible in motion. Nevertheless, the rapid climate changes, which we can witness today, obstruct the accuracy of long-term forecasts.

How could people predict the weather before electronic communications were invented?

  • They analysed the local experience.
  • They analysed the general pattern.

What do the scientists think about animals' abilities of weather prediction?

  • They admit such possibilities.
  • They think it's charlatanry.

How did the telephone and telegraph help people predict the weather?

  • It became possible to exchange weather information throughout the world quickly.
  • It became possible to collect weather maps.

Where do the weather measurements take place?

  • They take place far above the ground.
  • They take place on the earth level.

Which of the forecasts are the most accurate up to date?

  • The short-term ones.
  • The long-term ones.