Read the text and choose the correct options.
Does city life make us more or less lonely?
Cities are filled with people, but that doesn’t always mean we don’t feel lonely. Think about how living in a big city affects feelings of loneliness.
Cities are places where many people gather, centres of culture and commerce. It might seem like living in a city would help reduce loneliness. However, studies show that anxiety and depression are often more common in urban areas than in rural ones, suggesting a different reality.
“You can be lonely anywhere,” writes Olivia Laing in her book The Lonely City, “but there is a special kind of loneliness that comes from living in a city, surrounded by millions of people.” Laing shares her personal experiences of feeling alone in New York and discusses how she addressed this loneliness through art.
Cities can feel overwhelming and full of people we don’t know. In 1903, German philosopher Georg Simmel noted that “one feels especially lonely and lost in a crowd in the city.” A survey by ComRes in 2013 found that 52% of people in London feel lonely, making it the loneliest city in the UK. Last year, the charity network Acevo launched The Loneliness Project to help young people in London who feel isolated.
“The saying that you’re never lonelier than in a crowd is true for many people living in large cities like London, which often ranks high on the UK loneliness index,” says Polly Akhurst, co-founder of Talk to Me. “In a big city, you are less likely to have a close community where neighbours know each other. The anonymity of city life can lead to a lack of trust, making it harder to form connections.”
1 According to the text, what surprising relationship exists between city living and mental health?
...
A Cities have better mental health resources than rural areas.
B Mental health issues are equally common in urban and rural areas.
C Anxiety and depression happen more often in cities.
D Rural areas report higher rates of mental health concerns.
2 In Olivia Laing's book "The Lonely City", what does she suggest about urban loneliness?
...
A It's identical to loneliness anywhere else.
B It's not as strong as loneliness in the countryside.
C You can easily fix it by joining activities in the city.
D It's a special type of feeling alone, even when there are many people around.
3 According to the text, what makes London particularly notable regarding loneliness?
...
A It has the most mental health facilities.
B It is highly ranked on the UK loneliness index.
C It has the largest population density.
D It has the most social programmes.
4 According to Polly Akhurst, what characteristic of city life contributes to loneliness?
...
A the fast pace of life
B the lack of close-knit community among neighbours
C the high cost of living
D the competitive nature of cities
5 What factor does the text say makes it hard to form connections in cities?
...
A lack of trust due to urban anonymity
B limited social venues
C cultural differences
D economic barriers