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Light plays a very big role in a large number of processes on our planet. And of course, all living beings are affected by it. The 24-hour cycle with about 12 hours of daylight and 12 of darkness is called the circadian clock. These inner clocks are controlled by the brain and depend mostly on the light. Many biological processes in our organisms follow this rhythm.
Nevertheless, in modern life, people don't follow the light but create it themselves. Technologies let us do it easily: there are many types of lamps which can not only help us to avoid darkness but even substitute the sunlight. Modern cities never sleep. The lights there are so bright that they can be seen from the space! Moreover, at night most residents of big cities can hardly see the stars because of light pollution. But it's not only an aesthetical problem.
Light pollution can affect human health. As for the potential harm of artificial light to the eyes, there is no evidence that lamps used in our houses, offices and other places can damage our eyesight. Contrary to the sunlight, whose UV (ultraviolet) can have very harmful effects on our eyes. But health problems caused by light are still connected with the vision. According to numerous researches, our brain functions at its best when we sleep in the darkness and act in the light, regardless of the type of light used (natural sunlight or any types of lamps). Not following the natural cycle, we destroy the delicate system of melatonin regulation. Melatonin is a hormone serving many important functions in our body and is mainly produced in darkness. Therefore, long-term staying in the artificial light at night can cause eating and sleeping disorders, insomnia * and even depression.
* insomnia — бессонница.
The circadian clock is
- a special mechanic clock.
- a daily cycle of activity observed in many living organisms.
Circadian rhythms
- are controlled by the clock.
- are controlled by the brain.
Today people can
- brighten the darkness.
- control their inner clock with medicines.
City residents can't see stars
- because of the air pollution.
- because the night lights are too bright.
Light pollution
- influences human health.
- is not a real problem.
Artificial light
- is very hazardous for human eyesight.
- doesn't hurt our sight.
Sunlight
- damages our eyes because of the UV.
- is less harmful than artificial light.
Melatonin is
- a hormone.
- a medicine for insomnia.
Staying awake at night
- is safe when you use enough light.
- influences our natural inner rhythms.