Запиши верные ответы

Прочитай текст и выполни задания 12–18. В каждом задании запиши в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному тобой варианту ответа.
Strategies and useful tips

1. Recommended time—15 min (not more).
2. Read the text carefully—you may need to read it, or parts of it, twice
3. Look at the first question.
4. Look back to the text and find/ highlight the part which the question refers to.
5. If you have time, think how this information might be rephrased (or how you would answer the question in your own words).
6. Look at the choices, and either choose the answer that you think is right or eliminate the ones you know are wrong.
7. Check against the text.

Body Positivity

Body positivity is a relatively new social movement. It started to gain its popularity in the late 1960s. However, some premises were found in the Victorian age. First, it happened between 1950–1890 when women aimed to put an end to the trend of women having to modify their bodies through the use of corsets and tightlacing in order to fit societal standards. Obviously, it was not successful but at least it was one of the first recorded attempts to show that women did not want to meet the stereotypical standards.

A lot of time has passed since that time. How do we consider body positivity nowadays? Some people believe that it is only about feminism. That women activists just want to show that they are eager to protest against everything that was supposed to be typical for women for a long period of time. And that body positivity is only about appearance.

There is a grain of truth in these ideas, as the first wave of this trend was dedicated to reducing the discrimination against people with extra weight. But in fact, it is about all imperfections that can happen. It can be the absence of smooth skin, some body's peculiarities or other things that are usually supposed as things that do not meet usual standards of beauty. Moreover, the idea right now is much deeper than it can seem. It is also about women's rights in the modern world. It is about their role in society and how this society sees them.

The body positivity movement gets a lot of criticism, as it encourages lifestyle trends that might negatively affect one's health. A central complaint is that exaggerated approval of overweight could dissuade them from desiring to improve their health. Additional criticism is that the movement puts too much emphasis on the role of the individual to improve their own body image, and not enough attention on identifying and eliminating the cultural beliefs, and advertising campaigns accountable for causing widespread body dissatisfaction. But like everything that is getting more and more popular body positivity trend gets not only criticism but also huge support all over the world.

Anyway, every trend should be considered wisely and it is up to every person to follow it or not. As people see mostly advantages to themselves it can be taken up, otherwise, it should not be taken as guidance or rule.

\(\boxed{12}\) According to the author, body positivity...

1. is very popular.

2. the latest trend.

3. is a relatively modern trend.

4. is not a new trend.

Ответ: [ ].

\(\boxed{13}\) Women started protesting, because...

1. wanted to have equal rights.

2. they did not want to be beautiful.

3. they wanted to change their bodies.

4. they didn't want to correct their bodies with the piece of clothes.

Ответ: [ ].

\(\boxed{14}\) According to the text body positivity was...

1. started as a feminist movement.

2. started by people who were against rules.

3. started in the Victorian age.

4. started by people who met beauty standards.

Ответ: [ ].

\(\boxed{15}\) According to the author body positivity movement...

1. is welcomed by everybody.

2. faces criticism.

3. divided people into two groups.

4. is going to fade.

Ответ: [ ].

\(\boxed{16}\) According to the text this movement faces opponents because they think...

1. it does not have any effect.

2. women should not follow any rules.

3. it can be dangerous for health.

4. it is against moral rules.

Ответ: [ ].

\(\boxed{17}\) Why is there additional criticism?

1. Because not everybody wants to follow the rules.

2. Because too many people take part in it.

3. Because people are more concentrated on the body than on the culture.

4. Because doctors are against it.

Ответ: [ ].

\(\boxed{18}\) What is not mentioned in the text among women's requirements?

1. Be respectful of skin quality.

2. Be respectful of the body shape.

3. Be respectful of their labour rights.

4. Be respectful of the body's peculiarities.

Ответ: [ ].