Match the tenses in direct and indirect speech Reported speech It is used to report other people's words. Reported speech can be direct and indirect. Direct speech: "I don't think I have ever been here before. I didn't visit this place last year," said Laura. Indirect speech: Laura said that she didn't think she had ever been there before. She hadn't visited that place the previous year. When reporting somebody's words in indirect speech, we need to change: tenses; pronouns; tense; place. Tense and modal verbs changes: Direct speech Indirect speech Present Simple Past Simple Present Continuous Past Continuous Present Perfect Past Perfect Present Perfect Continuous Past Perfect Continuous am/is/are going to was/were going to will would Past Simple Past Perfect Past Continuous Past Perfect Continuous can could may might must/have to had to The tense is not changed: Direct speech Indirect speech Past Perfect Past Perfect Past Perfect Continuous Past Perfect Continuous Determiner changes: Direct speech Indirect speech this that these those Time and place changes: Direct speech Indirect speech now then yesterday the day before last week the week before ago before next week the following week tomorrow the following day tonight that night here there Grammar rules Tense and modal verbs changes Direct speech — Indirect speech Present Continuous must/have to am/is/are going to Present Simple may will Present Perfect Continuous Past Simple/Present Perfect can Past Continuous might would had to was/were going to Past Simple Past Perfect could Past Perfect Continuous Determiner changes Direct speech — Indirect speech these this those that Tense and place changes Direct speech — Indirect speech next week ago now tonight yesterday last week here tomorrow the following day before the week before that night then the day before the following week there
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Match the tenses in direct and indirect speech

Reported speech

It is used to report other people's words. Reported speech can be direct and indirect.

Direct speech:

"I don't think I have ever been here before. I didn't visit this place last year," said Laura.

Indirect speech:

Laura said that she didn't think she had ever been there before. She hadn't visited that place the previous year.

When reporting somebody's words in indirect speech, we need to change:
  • tenses;
  • pronouns;
  • tense;
  • place.

Tense and modal verbs changes:

Direct speech

Indirect speech

Present Simple

Past Simple

Present Continuous

Past Continuous

Present Perfect

Past Perfect

Present Perfect Continuous

Past Perfect Continuous

am/is/are going to

was/were going to

will

would

Past Simple

Past Perfect

Past Continuous

Past Perfect Continuous

can

could

may

might

must/have to

had to

The tense is not changed:

Direct speech

Indirect speech

Past Perfect

Past Perfect

Past Perfect Continuous

Past Perfect Continuous

Determiner changes:

Direct speech

Indirect speech

this

that

these

those

Time and place changes:

Direct speech

Indirect speech

now

then

yesterday

the day before

last week

the week before

ago

before

next week

the following week

tomorrow

the following day

tonight

that night

here

there

Grammar rules ## Tense and modal verbs changes

Direct speech — Indirect speech

may Past Perfect Continuous
Present Continuous would
must/have to could
am/is/are going to was/were going to
Present Perfect Continuous had to
can Past Perfect
Past Simple/Present Perfect Past Continuous
will might
Present Simple Past Simple

Determiner changes

Direct speech — Indirect speech

this those
these that

Tense and place changes

Direct speech — Indirect speech

tonight the following day
next week there
last week the following week
tomorrow that night
ago before
here then
yesterday the week before
now the day before

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