Read the article and choose the best options out of the four given
Прочитайте текст и выполните задания 12–18. В каждом задании запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.
What is self-compassion?
Life can be difficult sometimes. We all experience challenges, like feeling anxious on our first day of school, discouraged after getting a bad grade, or sad after having an argument with a friend. How we treat ourselves in these situations can have a big impact on how we feel. Studies have shown that using self-compassion helps us manage these challenging situations better, increases our level of life satisfaction, and makes it easier to stay motivated, even after a setback.
Self-compassion means being kind and supportive to yourself, especially under trying or stressful circumstances. One way to think of self-compassion is by breaking it down into three parts. The first part is called mindfulness, which means being aware of how you are feeling without pretending that everything is okay, and without exaggerating the situation. For example, imagine you have plans to go to the beach on the weekend. When it is time to go, it starts to rain and thunder, and you cannot go. A mindful response might be to say, "I am disappointed that I do not get to go to the beach today." A response that may be less mindful would be to pretend that you are fine, saying, "I don't care, I didn't even want to go to the beach." It would also be less mindful to exaggerate how you are feeling and say something like, "This is the worst day ever!"
The second part of self-compassion is called common humanity which implies that all human beings experience difficult emotions and face challenging situations at times, for instance, not getting something that we really wanted or losing an object that we cared about. Often when we are unhappy, we feel self-pity thinking we are the only ones who are unhappy. This can make us feel lonely and isolated from other people. Self-compassion reminds us that we are not alone in our emotions, and it can make us feel more connected with others.
Kindness is the third part of self-compassion. Despite its seeming simplicity, it can be challenging to be kind to yourself when you are feeling down. Sometimes it can be beneficial to consider what you might say to a good friend or what a good friend might say to you. Another way you can treat yourself kindly is by using what is called supportive touch. Have you ever given or received a hug from someone when you were feeling bad, and it made you feel supported? Or think about how our pets react when we show them that we care about them by stroking them. You could try doing something similar for yourself—by rubbing your hands together or crossing your arms like you are giving yourself a hug.
Some people worry that being kind to themselves may prevent them from accepting responsibility for their mistakes. However, one study showed that people who did something they felt guilty about and treated themselves with kindness and understanding for it made a greater effort to set things right than those who did not. Besides, some people also worry that if they are kind to themselves, they will not try to do challenging things. But being kind to yourself does not mean that you do not want to challenge yourself or grow. It just means that, while you are doing something difficult, you can support yourself rather than beat yourself up.
Studies have shown that teenagers who felt more self-compassionate also had less stress in their lives. Interestingly, studies have also shown that you can teach teenagers to be kinder to themselves and that this will help them feel more satisfied with their lives. A number of studies have asked teenagers to be part of a self-compassion group, in which the participants learn ways to support themselves during difficult moments. Teenagers who practised being kind to themselves over a 6–8-week period reported feeling more grateful for the positive things in their lives, were more open to trying new things, and experienced less stress.
What is a healthy approach to dealing with challenges and obstacles in life, according to the author?
Criticising oneself
Showing self-compassion
Motivating oneself to find easy solutions
Treating the problems with anxiety
[ ]
Which of the following is a characteristic of self-compassion as described in the text?
Acting as though nothing is wrong
Exaggerating the circumstances
Finding something that will influence our choices
Practising mindfulness in accepting our feelings
[ ]
When we are sad, we frequently experience loneliness and isolation because we
believe we are the only ones who are sad and feel sorry for ourselves.
exaggerate our emotions and make them seem worse than they are.
pretend that everything is okay and deny our true emotions.
are not aware of our emotions and do not practise self-compassion.
[ ]
An expression "feeling down" in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to feeling
compassionate.
excited.
sad.
satisfied.
[ ]
How does treating oneself with kindness after making a mistake affect people's behaviour according to the study mentioned?
People stop striving to do challenging things.
People are more motivated to make things right.
People become more responsible and attentive.
People become even more self-critical.
[ ]
What have studies shown about the relationship between self-compassion and teenagers' well-being?
Self-compassion in teenagers leads to increased stress levels.
There is no link between self-compassion and teenagers' well-being.
Teaching teenagers self-compassion results in decreased life satisfaction.
Practising self-compassion results in teenagers experiencing stress reduction.
[ ]
What does the author suggest in the article?
Self-compassion can improve how you handle difficult situations.
Being kind to oneself means trying to avoid challenges sometimes.
Self-compassion is not effective in increasing life satisfaction.
Self-compassion is not applicable in everyday life.
[ ]
The maximum score is 7 points for 7 correct answers.
For each correct answer, 1 point is given.
The score for the task:[ ] out of 7.