Match the texts A–G to the headings 1–8. There is one extra heading Установите соответствие между текстами A–G и заголовками 1–8. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний. A person to ask for advice New ways of observation Getting more like a human Influence on the language Solving ecological problems Endangered underwater animals A way to improve health Citation rules A. Corals are animals that make beautiful underwater gardens called coral reefs. These reefs are home to millions of other organisms, and some people call them our planet's underwater rainforests. Unfortunately, just like real rainforests, coral reefs are in danger. Ocean warming, a result of climate change, is threatening corals everywhere. When corals start to feel the heat stress, they lose the vital partners, microalgae, that help them make such lush reefs possible. Microalgae live inside the coral cells, supplying them with the food needed to grow and stay healthy. B. The oceans take up heat from the atmosphere and sun, they change their saltiness as they are either evaporated or rained on, and they exchange gases with the atmosphere. Ocean currents and mixing carry heat and carbon for tens to hundreds of years, and as they move heat and carbon around, the currents change the atmosphere above. We only have this knowledge because we have been observing the ocean from ships for a century, adding satellites, and drifting instruments in the last few decades. C. The cardiovascular system (CVS) is made up of the heart, lungs and blood vessels. The main purpose of the CVS is to deliver oxygen, carried by the blood, to cells throughout the body. Cells need oxygen to generate energy and perform work, for instance, during physical activity. In this case, your breathing rate and heart rate increase so your blood can deliver more oxygen to the cells in your hard-working muscles! Regular physical activity trains your CVS so it can work more efficiently. D. English started as a Germanic language. It is most closely connected with German and Dutch, especially in grammar and basic vocabulary. During the Norman invasion in the 12th century, Old English was spoken but French was used in government and legal documents. And Latin was used in religious and educational activities. As a result, more French and Latin words entered the English language. The printing press was invented in the late 1400s. This helped to establish English spelling and strengthen the connection between how English is spoken and how it is written. E. In the digital age, it has become easy for students to find and copy published material. But copying another person's writing without giving them credit can get students into big trouble. It is called plagiarism. American copyright law protects original works of authorship including books, movies, music, images and artworks. In the United States and other Western countries, universities have rules for avoiding plagiarism. But learning to correctly follow these rules can be difficult for some international students. F. Artificial intelligence is the field of computer science that tries to make a computer "think" like people do. In the beginning of AI research, computer programmers — people who know how to write instructions for a computer — needed to give the computer very specific rules to get it to do what they wanted. Recently, programmers have started using machine learning. With machine learning, you do not need to give the computer any rules; instead, the computer learns from examples, much like humans do. This type of learning can help a computer identify surprise and humor. G. Have you wondered why coaches are often the first people athletes turn to, both when they are performing poorly and when they are winning? It is because the coach-athlete relationship is the most important relationship developed in sport. Athletes spend more time with their coaches than with any other people in their lives generally. They look up to their coaches and rely on them for technical, tactical, and personal advice. Many of the gold medal-winning Olympic athletes have said that their coaches are the reason for their success. A B C D E F G The maximum score is 3 points for 7 correct answers. 6 correct answers — 2 points. 5 correct answers — 1 point. 4 or fewer correct answers — 0 points. The score for the task: out of 3.

Задание

Match the texts A–G to the headings 1–8. There is one extra heading

Установите соответствие между текстами A–G и заголовками 1–8. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний.

A person to ask for advice
New ways of observation
Getting more like a human
Influence on the language
Solving ecological problems
Endangered underwater animals
A way to improve health
Citation rules

A. Corals are animals that make beautiful underwater gardens called coral reefs. These reefs are home to millions of other organisms, and some people call them our planet's underwater rainforests. Unfortunately, just like real rainforests, coral reefs are in danger. Ocean warming, a result of climate change, is threatening corals everywhere. When corals start to feel the heat stress, they lose the vital partners, microalgae, that help them make such lush reefs possible. Microalgae live inside the coral cells, supplying them with the food needed to grow and stay healthy.

B. The oceans take up heat from the atmosphere and sun, they change their saltiness as they are either evaporated or rained on, and they exchange gases with the atmosphere. Ocean currents and mixing carry heat and carbon for tens to hundreds of years, and as they move heat and carbon around, the currents change the atmosphere above. We only have this knowledge because we have been observing the ocean from ships for a century, adding satellites, and drifting instruments in the last few decades.

C. The cardiovascular system (CVS) is made up of the heart, lungs and blood vessels. The main purpose of the CVS is to deliver oxygen, carried by the blood, to cells throughout the body. Cells need oxygen to generate energy and perform work, for instance, during physical activity. In this case, your breathing rate and heart rate increase so your blood can deliver more oxygen to the cells in your hard-working muscles! Regular physical activity trains your CVS so it can work more efficiently.

D. English started as a Germanic language. It is most closely connected with German and Dutch, especially in grammar and basic vocabulary. During the Norman invasion in the 12th century, Old English was spoken but French was used in government and legal documents. And Latin was used in religious and educational activities. As a result, more French and Latin words entered the English language. The printing press was invented in the late 1400s. This helped to establish English spelling and strengthen the connection between how English is spoken and how it is written.

E. In the digital age, it has become easy for students to find and copy published material. But copying another person's writing without giving them credit can get students into big trouble. It is called plagiarism. American copyright law protects original works of authorship including books, movies, music, images and artworks. In the United States and other Western countries, universities have rules for avoiding plagiarism. But learning to correctly follow these rules can be difficult for some international students.

F. Artificial intelligence is the field of computer science that tries to make a computer "think" like people do. In the beginning of AI research, computer programmers — people who know how to write instructions for a computer — needed to give the computer very specific rules to get it to do what they wanted. Recently, programmers have started using machine learning. With machine learning, you do not need to give the computer any rules; instead, the computer learns from examples, much like humans do. This type of learning can help a computer identify surprise and humor.

G. Have you wondered why coaches are often the first people athletes turn to, both when they are performing poorly and when they are winning? It is because the coach-athlete relationship is the most important relationship developed in sport. Athletes spend more time with their coaches than with any other people in their lives generally. They look up to their coaches and rely on them for technical, tactical, and personal advice. Many of the gold medal-winning Olympic athletes have said that their coaches are the reason for their success.

A	[ ]
B	[ ]
C	[ ]
D	[ ]
E	[ ]
F	[ ]
G	[ ]

The maximum score is 3 points for 7 correct answers.

6 correct answers — 2 points.

5 correct answers — 1 point.

4 or fewer correct answers — 0 points.

The score for the task:[ ] out of 3.

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