Установите соответствие между текстами A–G и заголовками 1–8. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний. 1. A long-life Italian product 2. A surprising flavour 3. Ancient cave explorers 4. Remarkable remains 5. A discovered chamber 6. A great window into the past 7. A hidden settlement 8. Restoring to a good condition A. In 2006, a farmer in Matera arrived at a lake and found enormous vertebrae near the shore. It turned out to be the biggest whale fossil ever discovered. The creature was a blue whale, a species still alive today and famous for being the largest animal in existence, past and present. This individual measured 25.9 meters long, but more surprising was its age. The mammal cruised the seas 1.5 million years ago. This was much earlier than when giant whales supposedly became a thing. B. Around 20 years ago, archaeologists found pottery shards at Castelluccio, a village in central Italy. The fragments belonged to a jar. After its 400 pieces were reassembled, the vessel was around a meter tall and looked like an egg. 2018 analysis tried to find out what the jar contained and how old the contents were. Using several cutting-edge techniques, the team found signs of linoleic and oleic acid — in other words, olive oil. This was perhaps not so surprising given Italy’s long love affair with the “liquid gold,” as it is sometimes called. C. A few years ago, construction workers stumbled onto a religious site. While working near the Apennine Mountains in Italy, they found two temples from the late Roman period. Nobody knew who built the temples, what they were used for, and why the buildings appeared to stand alone in the valley. Between 2013 and 2015, archaeologists enlisted the help of drones. The plucky machines not only flew where no plane had flown before, but they also sent back photos. The pictures revealed something unexpected — near the temples was an entire settlement. D. When Nero ruled as the Roman emperor almost 2,000 years ago, he lived an opulent and cruel lifestyle. After his death in AD 68, his palace in Rome was so luxurious, but, piece by piece, it was deliberately obliterated. Some areas were hidden under renovations or filled with sand. In 2019, archaeologists engaged in a restoration project. While working, they needed more light. The moment it flooded the room, the team noticed an opening in one corner. Even half visible, it offered a wonderful glimpse at a room in which Nero himself might have stood. E. In 2019, around 180 human footprints were analyzed in northern Italy. Discovered inside a cave called Grotta della Basura, the prints revealed that five people had entered it 14,000 years ago. They were two adults and 3 children. After making it 150 meters into the cave, they arrived at a corridor and fell into a single file. The party walked close to the wall until the ceiling lowered and forced them to crawl. In a chamber they did something unusual. They scooped clay from the ground and smeared it on a stalagmite. The group then exited the cave. F. The Roman Empire was famous for its paved roads. One of its cities, Pompeii, was just as famous for being destroyed by a volcano in AD 79. The event preserved the settlement, making it a smorgasbord for archaeologists looking for time capsules. Sometimes, these capsules bring surprising details about the past into modern times. One of them was Pompeii’s metal streets. The lanes were not made of metal. But using a process that remains mysterious, the ancient Romans poured molten iron between the stones to repair them. This was pure genius. G. In 2015, researchers smelled cupcake-scented rocks in northern Italy. This was significant. The same molecule that gives the vanilla plant its flavour — vanillin — also occurs elsewhere in nature. However, in soil, bacteria quickly destroy it. Finding large amounts of vanilla in rocks dating back to the extinction meant that something had removed the bacteria. It was probably acid because acidifying milk prohibits bacteria and makes vanilla-flavoured drinks keep their taste longer. This supported the volcano theory — that eruptions caused acid rain on a global scale, destroying ecosystems and making survival difficult. A B C D E F G Заголовок

Задание

Установите соответствие между текстами A–G и заголовками 1–8. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний.

1. A long-life Italian product
2. A surprising flavour
3. Ancient cave explorers
4. Remarkable remains
5. A discovered chamber
6. A great window into the past
7. A hidden settlement
8. Restoring to a good condition

A. In 2006, a farmer in Matera arrived at a lake and found enormous vertebrae near the shore. It turned out to be the biggest whale fossil ever discovered. The creature was a blue whale, a species still alive today and famous for being the largest animal in existence, past and present. This individual measured 25.9 meters long, but more surprising was its age. The mammal cruised the seas 1.5 million years ago. This was much earlier than when giant whales supposedly became a thing.
B. Around 20 years ago, archaeologists found pottery shards at Castelluccio, a village in central Italy. The fragments belonged to a jar. After its 400 pieces were reassembled, the vessel was around a meter tall and looked like an egg. 2018 analysis tried to find out what the jar contained and how old the contents were. Using several cutting-edge techniques, the team found signs of linoleic and oleic acid — in other words, olive oil. This was perhaps not so surprising given Italy’s long love affair with the “liquid gold,” as it is sometimes called.
C. A few years ago, construction workers stumbled onto a religious site. While working near the Apennine Mountains in Italy, they found two temples from the late Roman period. Nobody knew who built the temples, what they were used for, and why the buildings appeared to stand alone in the valley. Between 2013 and 2015, archaeologists enlisted the help of drones. The plucky machines not only flew where no plane had flown before, but they also sent back photos. The pictures revealed something unexpected — near the temples was an entire settlement.
D. When Nero ruled as the Roman emperor almost 2,000 years ago, he lived an opulent and cruel lifestyle. After his death in AD 68, his palace in Rome was so luxurious, but, piece by piece, it was deliberately obliterated. Some areas were hidden under renovations or filled with sand. In 2019, archaeologists engaged in a restoration project. While working, they needed more light. The moment it flooded the room, the team noticed an opening in one corner. Even half visible, it offered a wonderful glimpse at a room in which Nero himself might have stood.
E. In 2019, around 180 human footprints were analyzed in northern Italy. Discovered inside a cave called Grotta della Basura, the prints revealed that five people had entered it 14,000 years ago. They were two adults and 3 children. After making it 150 meters into the cave, they arrived at a corridor and fell into a single file. The party walked close to the wall until the ceiling lowered and forced them to crawl. In a chamber they did something unusual. They scooped clay from the ground and smeared it on a stalagmite. The group then exited the cave.
F. The Roman Empire was famous for its paved roads. One of its cities, Pompeii, was just as famous for being destroyed by a volcano in AD 79. The event preserved the settlement, making it a smorgasbord for archaeologists looking for time capsules. Sometimes, these capsules bring surprising details about the past into modern times. One of them was Pompeii’s metal streets. The lanes were not made of metal. But using a process that remains mysterious, the ancient Romans poured molten iron between the stones to repair them. This was pure genius.
G. In 2015, researchers smelled cupcake-scented rocks in northern Italy. This was significant. The same molecule that gives the vanilla plant its flavour — vanillin — also occurs elsewhere in nature. However, in soil, bacteria quickly destroy it. Finding large amounts of vanilla in rocks dating back to the extinction meant that something had removed the bacteria. It was probably acid because acidifying milk prohibits bacteria and makes vanilla-flavoured drinks keep their taste longer. This supported the volcano theory — that eruptions caused acid rain on a global scale, destroying ecosystems and making survival difficult.

	A	B	C	D	E	F	G
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