Задание

Read the texts and match the headings to them. There is one that you do not need to use.

Write one number in each gap.

1. The sources of ocean noise pollution

2. The valuable contributor to the ocean's soundscape

3. Negative effects

4. Becoming quite

The oceans are far from silent places. If you dunk your head underwater, you'll hear a cacophony of sounds from wildlife great and small, crashing waves, and even rain. However, humans are changing these ocean soundscapes. Recent research showed that changes caused by people are silencing the seas' natural noises.

All over the world, you can hear a lively crackling sound made by thousands of snapping shrimp that live along coastlines. These common shrimp have a large claw that they can close with such force that a cavitation bubble is formed. As this bubble implodes on itself, a loud snap is created — like a pistol shot — which can be heard over long distances. In fact, snapping shrimp are the loudest marine invertebrates and the second noisiest marine animals!

Levels of human-generated noise have doubled every decade for the past 60 years in some regions. This destructive underwater noise is mostly caused by the military, the oil and gas industry. These industries use mainly explosives for demolition purposes, seismic exploration, or testing of equipment. One more contributor is ship traffic. Ships produce noise that generally falls in the low-frequency band capable of propagation over immense distances in all directions. These low frequencies coincide with the frequencies used by baleen whales, fish, seals, sea lions, and dolphins for communication and other biologically important activities.