Задание

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Yuri Gagarin

Birthday: March 9, 1934

Died At Age: 34

Sun Sign: Pisces

Height: 1.57 M

He was born on March 9, 1934, in Klushino village near Gzhatsk, in the USSR, to Alexey Ivanovich and Anna Timofeyevna Gagarina. His father was a carpenter, and his mother worked as a milkmaid. He had an elder brother, Valentin, an elder sister, Zoya, and a younger brother, Boris. Like millions of Soviet Union citizens, his family suffered during the Nazi occupation of the Soviet Union during World War II. Klushino was captured on 18 October 1941. On their first day in the village, the Germans burned down the school, ending Yuri's first year of education.[10] A German officer kicked them out of their house. The family was allowed to build a mud hut measuring approximately 3 by 3 metres (10 by 10 ft), where they spent 21 months until the end of the occupation. In 1955, Gagarin was accepted to the First Chkalovsky Higher Air Force Pilots School in Orenburg. After completing his technical training, he was drafted into the Soviet Army and sent for training to the First Chkalov Air Force Pilot’s School, from where he flew his first ‘MiG-15’ solo in 1957. He was commissioned as a lieutenant in the Soviet Air Force in November 1957. Gagarin was a keen sportsman and played ice hockey as a goalkeeper. He was also a basketball fan. He met his wife, Valentina Ivanovna Goryacheva, while he was in Orenburg in 1957. She was a medical technician of the Orenburg Medical School. They got married on November 7, 1957. They had two daughters: Yelena, who is the General Director of the Moscow Kremlin Museums, and Galina, who is a professor of economics.

Gagarin was chosen as one of the 20 pilots for the Soviet space program, in 1960. He further made it to the elite training group of six prospective cosmonauts for the Vostok program of putting humans into space. After different psychological tests, Gagarin and Gherman Titov were shortlisted as the final two candidates. On April 12, 1961, Gagarin became the first human to travel into space and orbit the Earth on the Vostok 1. The spacecraft was launched from Baikonur. His call sign was “Cedar”. According to his narration, he whistled the patriotic song “The Motherland Hears, The Motherland Knows” during his re-entry and touchdown. He phrase “Poyekhali” became famous all over the world. His flight lasted 108 minutes. Gagarin became an international celebrity and was awarded many medals and titles, including Hero of the Soviet Union, his nation's highest honour. The event was celebrated throughout the USSR, and Gagarin’s photographs and biography were splashed across the world in newspapers and periodicals. He was paraded through the streets of Moscow and was awarded the title of the ‘Hero of the Soviet Union’ by Nikita Khrushchev. He was appointed as a deputy to the ‘Soviet of the Union’ and elected to the Central Committee of the Young Communist League. After his success, Gagarin became a national asset who could not be lost. He was banned from further space flights after the crash of ‘Soyuz 1,’ which had resulted in the death of his colleague Vladimir Komarov. He later returned to Star City, where he was involved in designing reusable spacecrafts. He was promoted to the rank of lieutenant colonel of the ‘Soviet Air Forces’ in June 1962 and became a colonel by November 1963. He became the deputy training director of the Star City cosmonaut training base in December 1963. Yuri and Vladimir Seryogin died when their MiG–15UTI crashed near the town of Kirzhach during a routine training flight from Chkalovsky Air Base, on March 27, 1968. He was buried in the Kremlin wall near the Mausoleum.

The General Assembly, in its resolution A/RES/65/271 of 7 April 2011, declared 12 April as the International Day of Human Space Flight.

The Nazi occupation of Gagarin's village lasted 21 _____.