Read the text and match the headings with the paragraphs. There is one extra heading. Imaginary fears Alone with your fear How to fix it Getting to know fear Not so rare As the doors of the lift close, your hands start to sweat. It’s only a ten-second trip to the sixth floor, but your heart is beating fast, you’re shaking like a leaf and you can’t catch your breath. Everyone else in the lift seems calm, so what are you afraid of? Well, it sounds like you have claustrophobia, which is a fear of enclosed spaces. If you have a phobia like this, you’re not alone. To understand the reason why some people have phobias, first we need to understand fear itself. When we sense danger, our brain sends signals to pump adrenalin around our body. Our heart beats faster, our skin sweats to keep us cool, and our muscles tense so that we are ready to escape the danger. This response is called ‘fight or flight’, which is necessary for our survival. If we met a bear while hiking, for instance, we would need to be ready to escape … fast! When someone suffers from a phobia, however, the danger is mostly in their minds … It’s neither real nor rational. Maybe someone who is afraid of bees, for instance, once got badly stung by a bee. Their brain now remembers the experience and triggers a fear reaction every time they see a bee, or sometimes even just a photo of a bee. The fear signal is very strong, so the person believes the situation that they are in is more dangerous than it really is. So what’s the solution for someone who has a phobia? Well, many try to avoid the places and situations which make them afraid, but this only keeps the fear strong. It’s much better for the person to try to face their fear …little by little. A person who is afraid of dogs, for example, could start by looking at a photo of a dog. Then they could stand near someone with a dog on a lead and slowly work up to the most difficult thing for them — maybe petting a dog. As they get used to the thing that they are afraid of, they will realise that their worst fear doesn’t come true. In time, the brain will change how it reacts and their phobia will disappear for good! Extra

Задание

Read the text and match the headings with the paragraphs. There is one extra heading.

Объекты 1
- Imaginary fears
- Alone with your fear
- How to fix it
- Getting to know fear
- Not so rare
Объекты 2
- As the doors of the lift close, your hands start to sweat. It’s only a ten-second trip to the sixth floor, but your heart is beating fast, you’re shaking like a leaf and you can’t catch your breath. Everyone else in the lift seems calm, so what are you afraid of? Well, it sounds like you have claustrophobia, which is a fear of enclosed spaces. If you have a phobia like this, you’re not alone.
- To understand the reason why some people have phobias, first we need to understand fear itself. When we sense danger, our brain sends signals to pump adrenalin around our body. Our heart beats faster, our skin sweats to keep us cool, and our muscles tense so that we are ready to escape the danger. This response is called ‘fight or flight’, which is necessary for our survival. If we met a bear while hiking, for instance, we would need to be ready to escape … fast!
- When someone suffers from a phobia, however, the danger is mostly in their minds … It’s neither real nor rational. Maybe someone who is afraid of bees, for instance, once got badly stung by a bee. Their brain now remembers the experience and triggers a fear reaction every time they see a bee, or sometimes even just a photo of a bee. The fear signal is very strong, so the person believes the situation that they are in is more dangerous than it really is.
- So what’s the solution for someone who has a phobia? Well, many try to avoid the places and situations which make them afraid, but this only keeps the fear strong. It’s much better for the person to try to face their fear …little by little. A person who is afraid of dogs, for example, could start by looking at a photo of a dog. Then they could stand near someone with a dog on a lead and slowly work up to the most difficult thing for them — maybe petting a dog. As they get used to the thing that they are afraid of, they will realise that their worst fear doesn’t come true. In time, the brain will change how it reacts and their phobia will disappear for good!
- Extra

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