Read the extracts below and say which are beginnings and which are endings. Then, identify which writing technique(s) has/have been used in each

A. To conclude, I believe that the world's rainforests must be given international protection. As, in the words of an Indian prophesy, "only after the last tree has been cut down ... the last river has been poisoned ... the last fish caught, only then will you find that money cannot be eaten."[beginning|ending][rhetorical question|addressing the reader directly|quotation]

B. Did you know that the world's population is expected to reach some 9 billion by the year 2050? Many people believe that the food we grow can feed an extra 3 million mouths. However, others argue that current evidence suggests otherwise. [beginning|ending][rhetorical question|addressing the reader directly|quotation]

C. To sum up, we all know how difficult it can be for students to adjust to a new environment when they decide to study abroad. Despite this, I believe that studying abroad expands our world view and appreciation of other cultures. [beginning|ending][rhetorical question|addressing the reader directly|quotation]