Задание

Read the article and choose the right answers to the questions below.

When it comes to urban movement, there are two terms that are often used interchangeably: freerunning and parkour. However, while they may seem similar, there are distinct differences between the two practices. Parkour and freerunning are dynamic disciplines that emphasize the art of efficient and creative movement of body through various environments. It’s important to note that both freerunning and parkour involve moving through urban environments in a fluid and efficient manner. However, freerunning is often considered to be a more expressive and artistic form of movement, incorporating flips, spins, and other acrobatic elements into the practice. Parkour, on the other hand, is typically focused on efficiency and speed, with practitioners moving through environments as quickly and directly as possible. One of the most important skills for any beginner to learn is the roll (similar to the one used in martial arts). It is one of the first movements taught to beginner traceurs. In critical situations, such as escaping a burning building or evading danger, the ability to jump from elevated areas without injury is invaluable. The parkour roll equips you with this capability, allowing you to act decisively and safely in emergencies. Without this skill, you may find yourself hesitating at crucial moments, potentially endangering your life. An untrained jump from a height can result in severe injuries due to the intense impact on your body.

Originating in France, parkour was founded by David Belle, while freerunning was popularised by Sebastien Foucan. Although both share similarities, parkour and freerunning have developed different philosophies and movements. Parkour focuses on obstacle passing in the most efficient way possible, often in urban settings. Common moves you would see in parkour include vaults, precisions, and cat leaps. In contrast, moves you would see in freerunning often incorporate acrobatics, such as flips and spins, adding a stylistic flair to traditional parkour techniques.

Despite these differences, it’s worth noting that the two terms are often used interchangeably, and many practitioners consider themselves to be both freerunners and traceurs (the term often used to describe those who practice parkour). The term of somebody who practices parkour is "traceur," derived from the French word meaning "to trace" or "to draw." For those wondering how you would best get into parkour and freerunning, starting in a safe environment with soft mats and foam pits is recommended. Empty playgrounds, parks, or specialised gyms are ideal places would be best for early training. An essential part of their practice involves learning how to fall properly to minimise injury. One of the best things about parkour and freerunning is that there is no required equipment. Many traceurs use sweat bands and gloves to protect themselves from scrapes while others prefer to use bare hands to better feel the environment. Although it may seem crazy, many experienced traceurs train without shoes. In fact, David Belle once said, "Bare feet are the best shoes".

Performing specific acrobatic moves can be challenging, so the best way to learn a backflip is with the guidance of an experienced coach in a gym with appropriate safety mats. Whether striving for the efficient flow of parkour or the expressive movements of freerunning, both practices encourage self-discipline, creativity, and the mastery of one’s own body.

1. Who is considered to be the founder of parkour worldwide?

2. Parkour and freerunning take practice and training. Which of these places would be best for early training?

3. Who is considered to be the founder of freerunning and co-founder of parkour worldwide?

4. What is the term of somebody who practices parkour?

5. While initially intended as different terms for the same activity, parkour and freerunning have developed different philosophies and movements. What is the main difference between the two?

6. Which of these moves would you see in freerunning, but not parkour?

7. Which is one of the most necessary skills for any beginner to learn in parkour?

8. Which of the following pieces of equipment is required for training parkour and/or freerunning?

9. What does the basic learning include?

10. What qualities and skills do these both activities form?