Задание
Запиши ответы
Прочитай текст и выполните задания 12–18. В каждом задании запиши в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному тобой варианту ответа.
Strategies and useful tips
Recommended time is 15 min (not more).
Read the text carefully: you may need to read it, or parts of it, twice.
Look at the first question.
Look back to the text and find/highlight the part which the question refers to.
If you have time, think how this information might be rephrased (or how you would answer the question in your own words).
Look at the choices, and either choose the answer that you think is right or eliminate the ones you know are wrong.
Check against the text.
The first Olympic Games were held in Greece in ancient times. Everyone understands that then the food was more organic, athletes consumed more vitamins. The sun shone with a different moderation, the air was much cleaner and in general the results of this lifestyle gave completely different results. But now, unfortunately, the Olympic Games are primarily a struggle of doctors.
If you now put an ancient Greek athlete, an Olympic champion of those years and a modern athlete who takes steroids, anabolics and a huge amount of synthetic nutrition on the same obstacle course, then it is obvious that the athlete of the 21st century will win. At the same time, if a modern athlete was engaged in sports without the help of modern medicine, then he could hardly give shape to ancient athletes. Even the athletes of the early 20th century.
Now, in the Olympic environment, it is becoming the main way to overcome prohibitions by diagnosing certain diseases. For example, in the last Olympic Games, Swedish biathlon athletes were seen taking medication that expand the lungs, thereby athletes have more breath, not so frequent and they do not get tired so quickly. Upon clarification of the circumstances, it turned out that both one and the second athlete had asthma. Thus, they have the right to be full of this drug.
Critics of this approach say with one voice that it has nothing to do with real sports anymore. Sport is endurance, fortitude, full dedication. In addition to the moral side of the issue, do not forget that the long-term use of various drugs, not only among Olympic champions but also ordinary amateurs leads to a reduction of health in the future. Wanting to achieve visible results in a short time, the athlete increases the dose of drugs and dietary supplements. The liver, pancreas, and heart suffer. The risk of thrombosis increases, there are problems with the nervous and excretory system. The risk of infertility increases among women.
It is well known that it is impossible to achieve victory when the forces are unequal. Also, when an athlete knows in advance that they have a dishonest opponent in front of them, the chances of winning decrease. Therefore, it is especially important now to pay special attention to the fact that the sport is as dishonest and artificial as possible.
Fortunately, it is not given to each of us to follow the path of the Olympic champion. Moreover, ordinary athletes need to play sports for fun and promote healthy lifestyle ideas. Replace artificial food with a fresh and healthy one. Eat more fruit and vegetables, drink juices. Eat less chemical additives, more natural meat.
You also need to exercise moderately. Not every day, but two, maximum three times a week. Not to overwork the body, do not put strain on the muscles, joints and heart. Do not develop chronic diseases. Not to go out for a run at minus 25 Celsius, so as not to increase the risk of pneumonia. Not to swim with too cold water or lift weights that the body is not used to yet. Sport should bring pleasure and not cripple a person.
\boxed{12} The Olympic champions of ancient times were hardy and strong because of...
1) wars that were regular at that time;
2) special ancient training;
3) distinguishable from our air, sun and food;
4) the methods that have taught them to sport since childhood.
Ответ: .
\boxed{13} According to the text, the modern athlete will be able to resist the antique because of...
1) addiction to various pills and steroids;
2) the conditions of modern rules and regulations;
3) food of better quality;
4) opportunities to cure any ailment.
Ответ: .
\boxed{14} According to the text, the modern way to circumvent the rules of the Olympic Committee is...
1) acceptance of prohibited products by stealth;
2) making a non-existent diagnosis;
3) elimination of harmful substances before competitions;
4) falsification of documents.
Ответ: .
\boxed{15} According to the text, in addition to losing the main precepts of sports, such an unfair way also harms...
1) the whole human body;
2) mental health;
3) the image of the country;
4) image of the sport itself.
Ответ: .
\boxed{16} Many athletes are forced to take steroids in order to...
1) comply with generally accepted standards;
2) to confront an unfair opponent;
3) do not cause even more harm to health;
4) follow the coach's recommendations.
Ответ: .
\boxed{17} Unlike Olympic athletes, we can...
1) do not follow the path of taking illegal drugs;
2) do not support athletes without steroids;
3) lead their illegal way of winning medals;
4) do not speak out against prohibited drugs.
Ответ: .
\boxed{18} It's enough for amateur athletes...
1) to test themselves at low temperatures and with a lot of weight;
2) to eat more permitted food additives;
3) to take some steroids;
4) to exercise moderately and take care of health.
Ответ: .