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3. Look at the first question.
4. Look back to the text and find / highlight the part which the question refers to.
5. If you have time, think how this information might be rephrased (or how you would answer the question in your own words).
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The Internet Generations

It is difficult for a modern person to imagine his/her life without the Internet and mobile communications. Even half a century ago, people were content with landlines at home or in telephone booths on the street. But around the same time, things started to change.1973 is considered the year of birth of mobile communications. First-generation (1G) mobile communications were commercially launched in 1984. Analogue communication systems were used for the first time. Then it became possible for subscribers to call each other from anywhere, having the right device. The first mobile devices were very bulky and inconvenient, but, anyway, it was a big breakthrough in technology.

2G Internet appeared in 1991. In contrast to the previous generation, a digital method of transmitting information was used here. Call encryption technologies changed and the Short Messaging Service (SMS) appeared. The United States and Europe have developed their second-generation mobile communication standards. At the same time, the Wireless Application Protocol (WAP) was developed, with the help of which it became possible to access the Internet from a phone.

At the beginning of the 21st century, there appeared third-generation (3G) mobile communications, which combined several standards. It is characterised by a higher data exchange rate (at least 2048 kbps). For the third generation of mobile communications, code division networks were used. This technology has been known for a long time. In 1935, the first work on such systems was written by the Soviet scientist D. V. Ageev. However, these systems were used by the military and special services, so their existence was classified.

In 2008, the fourth generation of the Internet appeared. Communication became completely wireless and broadband. The speed of service subscribers has increased many times over. For fast-moving subscribers, e.g., train or car passengers, the Internet speed reached 100 Mbps, and for sedentary subscribers, e.g., pedestrians, up to 1 Gbps. We are using this connection now.

In 2018, the first tests of the latest generation of 5G mobile communications took place. The Internet speed promises to be 1–2 Gbps, while phones will use less energy on it, and Internet coverage will become even wider. In Russia, experiments on the introduction of 5G have begun, but with varying success due to a lack of equipment.

Scientists and engineers from all over the world have already begun to study and come up with new technologies for the next generation of mobile communications. According to the authors' ideas, the Internet speed should be as high as ever (from hundreds of Gbps to 1 Tbps) and all previously used technologies must be improved. The new generation of mobile communications (6G) will no longer be digital, let alone analogue, but it will use artificial intelligence and quantum communication technologies. In 2015, Elon Musk and his team began to develop the global satellite system Starlink, which will distribute the Internet from space using a huge number of satellites throughout the Earth. Everyone will have access to the Internet, it will be available where it used to be unreliable and expensive. It is difficult to imagine how our life will change by this time.

\(\boxed{12}\) When did mobile communications appear?

1. In 1935.

2. In 1984.

3. In 1973.

4. In 2008.

Ответ:[ ].

\(\boxed{13}\) How many generations of mobile communications exist?

4. Zero.

Ответ:[ ].

\(\boxed{14}\) What generation is the most widespread nowadays in Russia?

1. The most widespread generation is 6G because it's worldwide.

2. The most widespread generation is 3G because the exchange rate is at least 2048 kbps.

3. The most widespread generation is 5G because it's the latest generation.

4. The most widespread generation is 4G because 6G doesn't exist yet and 5G requires special equipment.

Ответ:[ ].

\(\boxed{15}\) What method of communication will be used for 6G?

1. Analogue and digital.

2. Wireless communication.

3. Artificial intelligence and quantum communication technologies.

4. Quantum communication technologies.

Ответ:[ ].

\(\boxed{16}\) What were the disadvantages of the 1G network?

1. It was primitive and required bulky equipment.

2. It was expensive and unreliable.

3. It was accessible only for wealthy people.

4. It was slow and unaffordable.

Ответ:[ ].

\(\boxed{17}\) How will the Internet be spread by Starlink?

1. They will use spaceships.

2. They will use artificial intelligence.

3. They will use quantum communication technologies.

4. They will use lots of satellites.

Ответ:[ ].

\(\boxed{18}\) What the main differences between 6G and the previous generations will be?

1. 6G is supposed to be more expensive and less rapid.

2. 6G is supposed to be quicker, cheaper and more stable.

3. 6G is supposed to be more expensive and quicker.

4. 6G is supposed to be more widespread and more expensive.

Ответ:[ ].