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“Dynasty and Divinity”, the first big exhibition
devoted to African sculpture from the Kingdom of Ife (in present-day Nigeria),
begins an 18-month tour of America. The show, which consists of a number of
works in stone, terracotta and metal made between the 9th and 15th
centuries, is a genuine revelation and a rare treat. Art from dramatically
different cultures is often hard to connect with, as is their languages,
traditions and ways, but these sculptures are naturalistic and remarkably
accessible.
More than 100 works are on display. Some have been
taken abroad before, some
have left Africa for the first time. Text and photo murals on the walls
instruct visitors about the ancient kingdom, which had been an unbroken
monarchy for more than 800 years.
The background information is interesting but limited.
The art itself makes a powerful impact. Some of it is unnerving. A few of
terracotta heads are gagged; others are deformed either by birth defects or
disease. A dozen or more in copper alloy are exciting in a less complicated
way; their faces radiate serenity. Ten of them are life-sized. The three that are somewhat smaller are topped by gorgeous
crowns decorated with what appears to be rings of beads. These heads are
beautiful, technically sophisticated and compelling.
Some of the objects in the exhibition definitely used
to play a part in rituals. But were they made for that purpose? There is no
answer as Ife had no written early history. Many of the works were chance
discoveries. There is no archeological record to help scholars find answers to
the many questions that they raise.
Were the copper-alloy heads the work of a single artist or workshop? Are the
heads portraits or idealized images? It is almost impossible to be sure of the
sex of one or two.
the casts were made from female models
the exhibits were discovered by chance
the exhibition leaves many questions to be answered
the heads were made for religious purposes