Задание

Fill in the gaps with the correct words.

Joy and sadness are experienced by people in all cultures around the world. How can we understand, when other people are happy or ? It turns out that the of many emotions may be universal. Apparently, smiling is a universal sign of friendliness and . Maybe baring the teeth in a way is a universal sign of anger. That was noted by Charles Darwin in the nineteenth century. As the originator of The Theory of Evolution, Darwin believed that the universal of facial expressions would have survival value. For example, facial expressions could signal the approach of enemies or friends in the absence of language. Psychological researchers generally recognise that facial expressions reflect emotional states. In fact, various emotional states give rise to certain patterns of electrical activity in our facial muscles and in our brain. However, a causal between emotions and facial expressions can also work in the opposite direction. According to this hypothesis, the signals from the facial muscles are sent back to the emotional centres of our brain, and so a person's facial expression can influence a person's emotional state. Darwin considers that free expression by outward signs of emotions intensifies a person's emotional state. On the other hand, repression, as far as possible, of all outward signs can soften our emotions. Can smiling give rise to feelings of goodwill and to anger?