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A hundred years ago the great explorers Scott, Shackleton and Amundsen were racing to be the first to the South Pole. Today, the beautiful frozen continent of Antarctica is some very different challenges.

Global warming is nothing new. We all know that burning fossil fuels, greenhouse gases and deforestation are world temperatures to rise. But over the past 50 years Antarctica's temperatures have by about 3 degrees Celsius, around 10 times more than the rest of the world. As a result, glaciers and sea ice are melting and ice shelves are breaking off into the sea which is very bad news. If Antarctica's thick, polar ice sheet melts, not only will the world heat up generally but global sea levels could by about 6 metres, flooding many coastal areas. This is extremely worring as almost every city with over 10 million people is on the coast.

Another problem is that melting ice forms clouds which to more snowfall. This can make life very difficult for some of the wildlife in Antarctica. Scientists are also worrying about rising sea temperatures beacause the food chain is .

Antarctica isn't called "the Earth's last great wilderness" for no ! No country owns it and no native people live there. , its clean air, water and ice make it the perfect place for scientists to out research. Therefore, Antarctica has become the world's largest laboratory. Many countries have scientific bases there. About 30,000 adventurous tourists now visit this unspoilt place full of amazing scenery, wildlife, glaciers and icebergs every year. , wherever there are humans, there is impact on the environment such as rubbish, CO2, emissions and pollution. If we are not careful, both scientists and tourists may the very qualities that draw them to Antarctica.