Based on Workbook Ex. 3, p. 59. Listen to the audio and choose the right answers The London Underground was the world's first electric underground railway. For many years, the London Underground worked on underground steam trains, and then, in 1890, the City and South London line was the first to use the new technologies and electric power. There is no doubt that the London Underground was a fantastic example of brilliant Victorian engineering. Of course, in those days, the technology was not nearly as advanced as it is today. Hydraulic lifts transported passengers from ground level to the platforms. Trains consisted of only three carriages and were pulled by electric locomotives. The locomotives were powered by the largest power generating station in the country. The first carriages had no windows because the designers thought that passengers wouldn't have anything interesting to look at in the tunnel. On platforms at the end of each carriage, there was a man who called out the names of the stations and opened doors for the passengers. The trains could only carry 96 people. Over time, more lines and trains were introduced to form the complicated underground network we know today. Unlike the Moscow Underground that was planned and built over a short period of time, the London Underground has developed slowly. For example, the lines were built by a number of different railway companies. This is why the London Underground map looks so complicated and has so many lines. This also explains why the London Underground, or Tube as people often call it, is not nearly as beautiful as the Underground in Moscow. It may be also interesting to know that the London Tube map has been used by most underground systems as the basis for the design of their own maps. The map was drawn in 1931 by Harry Beck who worked for the Underground. Before Harry Beck came up with his radical idea, the Underground maps were geographical, showing Underground lines and stations in relation to the street plan on the ground. Harry Beck showed the routes as coloured lines and stations as circles. Today Beck's map is believed to be a design classic. Has the London Underground always been powered by electricity? Yes, it has. The trains work on steam engines. It has since the era of steam passed. What features did the Underground have at the end of 19th century? Steam locomotives, men who opened the carriage doors No windows, lifts on water power, a few train cars Hydraulic lifts, windows with a dull view, automatically announced stations How did the system develop? Slowly over time, by many different railway companies With the attempt to be as beautiful as the Moscow metro Into a system of many lines in a short period of time What is the Tube? It is how Londoners call their Underground. It is the Channel Tunnel. This is how Londoners call a lift that carries them underground. What international value has the mapping of the Underground got? It is based on the geographical map of the city as in a lot of other countries. It has become an example of how to map an Underground train system in many places outside the UK. It has circles and coloured lines as Moscow metro does.

Задание

Based on Workbook Ex. 3, p. 59.

Listen to the audio and choose the right answers

The London Underground was the world's first electric underground railway. For many years, the London Underground worked on underground steam trains, and then, in 1890, the City and South London line was the first to use the new technologies and electric power. There is no doubt that the London Underground was a fantastic example of brilliant Victorian engineering. Of course, in those days, the technology was not nearly as advanced as it is today. Hydraulic lifts transported passengers from ground level to the platforms. Trains consisted of only three carriages and were pulled by electric locomotives. The locomotives were powered by the largest power generating station in the country. The first carriages had no windows because the designers thought that passengers wouldn't have anything interesting to look at in the tunnel. On platforms at the end of each carriage, there was a man who called out the names of the stations and opened doors for the passengers. The trains could only carry 96 people.

Over time, more lines and trains were introduced to form the complicated underground network we know today. Unlike the Moscow Underground that was planned and built over a short period of time, the London Underground has developed slowly. For example, the lines were built by a number of different railway companies. This is why the London Underground map looks so complicated and has so many lines. This also explains why the London Underground, or Tube as people often call it, is not nearly as beautiful as the Underground in Moscow.

It may be also interesting to know that the London Tube map has been used by most underground systems as the basis for the design of their own maps. The map was drawn in 1931 by Harry Beck who worked for the Underground. Before Harry Beck came up with his radical idea, the Underground maps were geographical, showing Underground lines and stations in relation to the street plan on the ground. Harry Beck showed the routes as coloured lines and stations as circles. Today Beck's map is believed to be a design classic.

Has the London Underground always been powered by electricity?

Yes, it has.
The trains work on steam engines.
It has since the era of steam passed.

What features did the Underground have at the end of 19th century?

Steam locomotives, men who opened the carriage doors
No windows, lifts on water power, a few train cars
Hydraulic lifts, windows with a dull view, automatically announced stations

How did the system develop?

Slowly over time, by many different railway companies
With the attempt to be as beautiful as the Moscow metro
Into a system of many lines in a short period of time

What is the Tube?

It is how Londoners call their Underground.
It is the Channel Tunnel.
This is how Londoners call a lift that carries them underground.

What international value has the mapping of the Underground got?

It is based on the geographical map of the city as in a lot of other countries.
It has become an example of how to map an Underground train system in many places outside the UK.
It has circles and coloured lines as Moscow metro does.

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