Задание

1. Read the short text, look at the highlighted words and decide what they mean

Environment: problems and solutions

Excessive concentration of exhaust fumes and toxic substances in the air emitted by cars, factories, etc. leads to such issues as greenhouse effect (which is the cause of global warming) and acid rain. Using refrigerators, air conditioners, aerosol sprays and air transport can contribute to the appearance of holes in the ozone layer that protects the Earth from cosmic radiation. There is also a grave problem of littering the planet as a lot of waste is dumped into landfills. Due to all the above mentioned problems, the planet is facing a threat of nature loss.

People have become more aware of environmental issues recently. They strive to use alternative energy sources that are renewable, such as water, wind, and solar power, geothermal energy, etc. In order to spend less electricity and natural resources necessary for its generation, people tend to use energy-efficient appliances and lighting. They also seek to reduce the use of disposable tableware, as well as things that are made from non- biodegradable materials. Besides, they tend to sort rubbish for further recycling and clear up litter.

2. Study the definitions and fill in the gaps with the correct words

disposable alternative energy sources nature loss exhaust fumes the greenhouse effect biodegradable ozone layer to face threat energy-efficient acid rain

— the fact of having less or no longer having some species and habitats

— to deal with the possibility of something bad or dangerous

— the problem of the slow steady rise in temperature of the earth's atmosphere, caused by an increase of gases such as carbon dioxide in the air surrounding the earth, which trap the heat of the sun

— rain that contains harmful chemicals from factory gases and that damages trees, crops and buildings

— a layer of ozone high above the earth's surface that helps to protect the earth from harmful radiation from the sun

— energy sources, including renewable, other than fossil fuels

— using little electricity, gas, etc.

— able to decay naturally and in a way that is not harmful

— made to be thrown away after use

— gases emitted from engines as waste products